Excavating-machine.



Y W. G. CLARK. q EXGAVATING MACHINE. urmcnzon FILED NOV. 21, 1911. RENEWED MAY 15. 1913.

Pafiented Dec. 30, 1913.

a snnma smznw 1 w WITNESSES W. CLARK. EXGAVATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21,1911. RENEWED MAY15,1913.

Patented Dec. 30,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. G. CLARK. EXUAVATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION PILBDNOV. 21, 1911. RENEWED MAY 15, 1918.

1,082,501. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

" WA TE -GnbtekgbF YORK, t.

nicsviiviito-iimentitn Speiheetio'n oi. Letters Patent,

A citizen of the United Statesland siresident of the borough QfM'iinhattan-Qcity, cotii ty,

. and State of New ork; havefinventedj cer- "-tain'new and-{useful Improveinents n Ex-; 'cevilting-hiaeh'nes5 of -yvhich,the following is ,e specifi cation', accompanied by drawings.

This inventionrelates ,tojexcavating mix-'- chines lizwing i1 v ,ower: actuated exctlvating deviee, as a shove or's'cocip, and the objects I of the invention: are to improve' uponl the the}. apparatus]substantially as hereinafter JAnoth'cr r v able the xi1ovem'ents bi the-excavatmg de vice-to be'speedily-controlled bydirect act- 'nieans for actuating end controlliiig the-ex- I cma'tingfdevice, so that the-power may be directly applied to the excavating device'and efiicien'tly and rhdilvj controlled within the desii ed limits to protiliee'the required moves object 70f. the Iinvention isto en-v -1ng means,'s0 that Zt-he. adjustments in-(iii: ferent vpositionsjf mtiy -be effected. efficiently without--loss of time andpower. i Fuitherfobjects of the invention willlhere "any described. and chimdhthis' specifice? tion and shown in the accompanying 'draw- 1 w Figure-1 1s a broken-side eleviition, partly I in diagrammaticgio m, of an'e'xeavatihg'ma-- chine-embodyingthe invention;' Fig, '2 is a (hagrtunn'mtie brokemplen view of, themahine,- with parts removed; Fig. 3 s -a 411a;

grammetic plan view of 'theia'ctueting de te'ferring to 1 the drawings, represents the base 01' frame of the machine, provided with the wheels'B adapted to travel 'o' th'e: trz1c'ks C. The Working'member op exeavat iiig means, inay'be'of {XDY' suitable type, but".

' l-prefe'r'a'b'ooxn-D pivoted: for vertical1nove,-'v ment a t 1+.. 11p( )n a n m table-F mounted upon the ifOIWflll'd end of the .fra'me A, said b oomfbeing: p'rovide'ti with; a shovel arm Gr f 'ct rrying'jiyseoop or sho've1 H} *The" shovel:

I of both -1ongi tudi -1ie1 a nd swinging niovementin t11'e uspai manner,

and operatively connected power ecthate'd n'i'e ans.a;1'e provided'foi' hoisting and lower .the torn-table, to tut-n fthe. boom, and ionforcing oc crowdin'g the scoop 1 shovel,

ing the shovel arm anci sh-ovel; for-.iot'atin'g impzii'tihg' the; inovement to the shovel arm. :Theboorh D is 'suitnbly'suppotted; t-i'or'nits outet' end, as by means of the guy wire I lopsely'connected to the upturn supported from the'frame by the guy YireK."-1 t pressure, or a combination of the two tor means, and-in accordance with. this inventhereby avoiding the use of intermediate or -au'xih'gxry'operative pepts. and increasing the eiticiency and rapidity of operation shoveh A suitble form of construction is s1idab1e on gliide rollers P and meshing with pinions Q. on the outer ends (if th'shaft R moimte'd transversely on the boom ;D. Be-

'-R is convenientiy fixed a pinion S meshin \vith-a rack T provided on the under side 0 pistonrods ofcylinders L- arefo 'eed outi-war'dly, thepinions'Q, and S ar'e' oteted'in.

fa direction-to ch aw the shovel ar'm G transthe 1 'etu'rn stroke,.the shovel zirmis mbvedfin the qpp'osite' direction'a'cross theboom. i I The scoopo'r. shovel fi maybe of any suitofthe' invention, A hoisting-e Y mounted inthe fi ame'tA in}; convenient .tohoist and lower the shovel -As 'shown,

tweenjthe-sides of the booth and upon shaft.

able or isuel type-which will not be tie-- scribed-indetail,asitforms-no'sgecific part ee on per end of the' strut orstay J, wh' h-is in eo I prefer to iisehydiaulie oi 'pneunietie actuating end .:co1'itro1ling the e'xeevatin'gl tion the actuating means ure direclt' acting,- 1

.the' shovel. a'rm G; so that as thepistons and versely tiiiii upvvnrdlyacross the boom. On

location, preferzibly stibstantieily; i riidwayf ,b'etvveen thesid'es,"and operatively connected the pistonlrodvis provided with a pulleys a'p paretiisfendthence passed dverilthe' 131- A 1;; :W then ove 'the gmeie pellgys Z,

shovel H. The hoisting cylinder is thus dil plies the receiver 1', prcferably at the bot thence over the guidepulley b at the outer end of the boom, and connected at c to the Q g v 1,082,501-

connected by discharge pipe 3 with the junction 4, and from thence a pipe 5 suprectly connected for hoisting, the shovel. As Item. A connecting pipe (3 leads from the the piston and piston rod of hoisting cylin der U moveoutwardly, the rope X is drawn l backwar'dly, and the shovel is hoisted.

Turning cylinders d and c are suitably mounted on the frame A, preferably above the hoisting cylinder, and directly connected to actuate the turntable F. The piston rods f ofthe turning cylindersare provided with pulleys g, and a rope or chain h,'is

suitably fixed at one end at j to a stationary" part of the apparatus, thence passed over "one pulley "g, thence over guide pulley la' and around .the grooved edgem of the turntable F, thence over a correspondingguide pulley k at-the other side of the machine, and over the pulley g on the other piston rod 1 and fixed to the machine. The turn.- table receives the direct pull of either turning cylinder, and will be turned in one direction or the other according to the turning cylinder to which. pressure is' supplied.

In accordance with this invention, the outward strokes of. the hoisting cylinder' U, and the forcin or crowding cylinders L are preferably'operated by hydraulic. pressure, from a hydraulic pressure system supplied by a suitable pump n, which may be a rotary pump, .mounted on the frame and driven by any suitable means as an electric motor 0 connected thereto. The water is preferably pumped into air and water receiver tanks 9 and r and stored under air pressure furnished by a suitable compressor 8 preferably of the plunger type driven bya suitable electric motor t. The compressor 8 is preferably connected to an air reservoir u which 15 connected to the receiver tanks 9 and 1', sothat pneumatic pressure is controlled by pneumatic pressure, and as the turning cylinders oppose each other, these cylinders are conveniently constructed to be single acting, and operated from the by draulic pressure system, suitable controlling valves being provided for both the'hydraulic and pneumatic systems, which valves may be independently actuated, or any desired sctof valves may be connected together by suitable means, for automatically actuating several valves at the same time.

The pipe connections for the apparatus will be best understood by reference to the diagrannnatic representation of the cylinders and piping shown in Fig. 4, in which i as far as possible, corresponding parts .have

been designated by reference characters similar to the remaining figures.

' lie water discharge 2 ofthe pump 12 is elbow 7 beneath-tank 'r to the bottom of receiver tank q, and from the elbow 8 beneath said tank, a return pipe 9 leads back to the intake 10 of the pump. A valve and valve casing 11 is: interposed in the return pipe 9 intermediate the tank (1 and the pump, by

means of which the"circulation of the water. may be shut ofii. after sutfiment water has been stored in the receivers and 1* under the desired air pressure. The valve stem 12 for the valve in casing 11 may be manipulatedjto open and close this valve as the necessities of the system require. In Fig. 1 the valve in casing 11 is assumed to be closed and circulation cut ofl.

The hoisting cylinder U-- is connected with the hydraulic pressure'system as follows: The pipe 13 leads from the juneticn l: to the pipe 14: which in turn leads to the forward end of the hoisting cylinder U. A

'. valve casing 15 is interposed in the pipe 13 between the junction 4: and the pipe 14 and provided with a ,suitable valve having the valve stem 16. This is the supply valve for the hoisting cylinder and is shown closed in Fig. 1. From the junction of the pipes 13 and 14; a return pipe l'r' leads to theintake 10 of the pump-and a valve casing 18 is interposed in said return pipe, provided with a cut off valve having the valvostem 19. This valve isshown'open in Fig. 1. The pipe 14 is both the supplyand return for the water to and from the hoisting cylinder U and with the valvesin the valve casings 15 and 18 in the position shown, the iston of the hoisting cylinder U has made its return stroke-and the water has been returned to the pump n. The pneumatic connections I for furnishing pneumatic pressure for returning the piston of the hoisting cylinder -will hereinafter be described.

:The hydraulic connectionsfor the. turning cylinders (l and e are as follows A supply pipe 20 leadsfrom the junction 4 to a valve easing'or junction box 21 and from thence branch pipes 22 and 23 lead to the 't-urn-ingicylirgdel s (i and e respectively' suitable two-w-zly-"valve' (not shown) is provided in the zvalve'casing'il by means of which one turningIcylinder may be supplied with hydraulic pressure. for -tbe workingstroke, \vhil eTthc other turning cylinder is being exha'iisted. Waterfrom-the turning cylinders is returned through pipe 24: connecting the valvecasing 21 with the intake 10 of the pump.

The hydraulic connections for the crowd; ing cylinders L are as follows: A pipe 25 connects the supply pipe 20 at the top of the valve casing21 with a valve casing26 and a pipe 2'1 connects casinglQti'with the elbow 28 provided withi the T-connection29.

int-he, form or V a' swivel to which the branch pipes t'lQare connected le'adingto the inner 5 ends ofth'e crowdingcylinders L. Since '30"1nove' up and i own and turn with the the elbow -28 to which the swivel 29 is connected 1S staiionarvmand the branch 'pipes crowt lingjc vliuders L, provision, such as de scribed, is'ncccssai'y-to provide for relative movcment'at the junction between the stetionary and 'movable. water connections. Water issupplied to and returnedfrom the crowding cylinders L through the pipes 27 30 and asuitah'le valve (notshovvn) is provided in the valve casing 26 controll-1ng.

the supply pipe '25 and the return} pipe 31 connectin the casing 26 with the return. 1 )lp8Q-l or the turningcyli'nders, 'so that 0 water'is supplied te -or returned from the crowding --cyhnders by-"manipulatnig the vnlve in casing 26. {The pneumatic connections for operating the crowding stroke of: the crowding cylinders will hereinafter'he 5 described.

Compressed airv is supplied from the air star: 2 tank u through pipe 32 preferably to the topof the receiver-tankrv and con-" rich-ting pipe 33 leads from the elbow 34 to 0 the top (if-receiver tank g,thus' furnishing pneumatic pressure to saidtanks above the water contained in them: Pneumatic pressure issupp'licd to the hoisting'cylinderU in front of the'pist-on for the return'stroke 5 through the pipe, connecting with pipe 'A. return pipe connectspipe 35 with thesair-return pipe 37 leading back to the compressor :L' A. suitablecontrollingvalve 38 is provided atthe junction'ofthe- Pipes 0 and 36 and a suitable relief-0rsafety valve 39 is provided inthe return ,pipe. 37.

Valve 38 may be manipulated to supply' pneumatic pressurefor the return stroke of thepist-on in the hoisting cyl nder U and .5 for exhaustnigthe air from said cylinder during the working .strokc't'or which hy- (l raulic power is supplied.

An air supply plpe A0 connects supply pipe 33 with-a valve casing 41 vfromwhich a pipe ii -leads toe. casing 43 to which is comiectede swivel i l. B raneh' pipes 45 con ncct said swivel with the'outerends of the erowding cylinders L.. The return pipe 37 yconnects the valve casing ill-with the com- '55 PI'GSSOIflS A suitable valve (not'shown) in the casing 41 controls the supplyand return of meumatic;--pres5ure for the crowding cylinders L.: The swivel connection is required chit-he casing &3- in order to enable 0 the pipestfinto'move up end down'andto -turn relatively to the stationary-pipecon- DBClllOfl'illZ tlnspoin't.

The operation-of the apparatus, hrieily as follows: With the the piston in cylinder} U to the pump, order to crowd the shovel, the valve in ms indicated in Fig. 1, thecirculation ofwater through the receiver tanks 1 and '1 has been cut oil hy-th'e closure of the valve'inthe "casing '11, cou'lroll-mgdhe return p pe 9 leading hack to the intake 10 of the pump n,

'anvl suflicient-walei" has been stored in the tanks qnud .r'under the desired pressure for operating purposes. The supply valve in the casing 15 Inl thoho sting cylinder D pressure to said cylindcr is closed in Fig. l.

and the piston of evlindcr U' i sin retracted j1 )'0.-3 t10nready for the apphcatronof hydropneumatic pressure behind the said'piston.

to force it outwardly for hoisting. The pistons of the turning cylinders d and are in retracted position. in Fig. 1 and-the two-way valvein the casing: 2l 1s n such pOSl-LIOH that hydro-pneumatic-pressurel is cut oil from the turning cylinders. The p stons of the crowding" cylinders as shown in Fig. 1 are at some intermediate point in their travel; and thejvalves in the casings 26 and 41 are closed. In order to adjust the angle ofthe boom about a vertical axis, the twowvny valve in casing 21 is n'ianipulated to admit. hydro-pneumatic pressure through 'co urolling-the supply of llYLllO-PllllllltltlC pipe 20'toone turningcylinder d or awhile exhausting pressure from the other.- cylinder hack to the pump through the pipe 24:. In

order to raise the shovel arm G', the valve in the casinglois-opened to admit hydroneumal'ic pressure behind the piston of the oisting cylinder U, and the air valve 38 h; manipulated to connect the space in front of the piston with theair return pipe 37.

To lower the shovel 'arni Gq' thc air valve 'is turned toadmit air to the cylinder U,

the supply valve in casing; 15 is closed, and

the exhaust valve in' casing 18 is opened, topernnt. the water-to return from behind 31- and-Ql to the pump. "The crowding is thus obtained'with' pneumatic pressure. T he .sho'vel armG isfretracted by opening the valve in casn'ig 41 to the our return pipe-3T,

and moving the valve-in casing 2-6 to admit cylinders.

it Having 'described. -tl1e construct-ion; op-

eraiimn and operative connections, both nu:

chanical, hydraulioend pneumatic, for the arious component parts of the apparatus.

.the controlling, valves may he manipulatcdas desired for'turning-the boom into the desired position, for hoisting or lowering thoshovel and mforcing or crowdingthe shovel, andv 'obviously several operations, as

hvdro-pneumatic"pressure to the crowding hoisting and forcing or crowding, may be carried out at the same time, as. desired. The direct connection of the forcing or crowding t -rlindi rs I. with the excavating device enables quick starts and stops to be etlertcd and a'ii'ords provision for exerting the maximum (-fl'ortin forcing-or crowding, while at the same time hoisting, thus producing the maximum ellicienc); under practical conditit-ns. The machine is strong and durable and being of such simple construction with few parts to get out. of order, heavy work may be carried on and the maehine subjected to hard usage without stoppage for repairs.

()ne of the primary features of the invert tion consists in the flexibility of control of the working parts obtained by the combination of a hydraulic .iressure system for actuating the excavating means with a pneumatic system superimposed upon the said hydraulic system. By this means the hydraulic system is always ready for immediate use and responds instantly when applied to the actuating devices. Another feature which adds to the flexibility of control, consists in the provision for returning the-piston of the hoisting cylinder by pneumaticpressure, which is instantly available, so that the speed at which the machine may he operated is increased. The valve in the casing' 11 may, if desired, he left open during all the o 'it'rrations, and this is preferable, because the return to the tank is then open directly through pipe 9 and the working pistons of the apparatus may be subjected either to the combined kinetic and static pressure, or to the static prt' us alone. The ft'iillpltbslil' a andair reservoir to compensate for any loss of pressure in the receiver tanks at all times.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patent the following:

i. In an excavating machine, the combination with an excavating device, of a. main pump, a receiver tank, a closed circulating pipe system ii'icluding said main pump and receiver tank. means for controlling the flow of fluid through said closed circulating system to the pump, a source of air pressure, airconncetious from said source to the receiver tank, a working cylinder, branch connections from said circulating pipe system to one end of the said working cylinder and means for controlling said branch connections, and return connections for the fluid from the working cylinder to the pump, and means for controlling said return connections. whereby the piston of the working cylinder may be subjected to the combined static pressure of the receiver tank and to the energy'due to the motion of the circulating fluid, or subjected to the static pressure alone. A

2. In anfexca-vatlng"machine, the combination with an excavating device, of a main pump, a receiver tank, a closed circulating pipe system includin said main pump and receiver tank, means I01 controlling the flow of fluid through said closed circulating system to the pump, a source of air pressure, airconnections from said source to the receiver tank, a working cylinder, branch connections from saidcirculating pipe systeni to oneend of the said working cylinder and means for controlling said branch connections, and return connections for the fluid from the working cylinder to the pump, means for controlling said return connections, whereby the piston of the working cylinder may be subjected to theeombined static pressure of the receiver tank and to the energy due to the motion of the circulating fluid, or subjected to the static pressure alone, air connections to theoppo'si e end of the working cylinder from that to which the branch from the circulating pipe system is connected, and means for controlling said air connections.

3. In an excavating-machine, the combination with an excavating device, of a main pump, a receiver tank, a closed'circulating pipe system includin said main pump 21nd receiver tank, means I01 controlling the flow of fluid through said system to the pump, a source of air pressure, air connections from said source'to the receiver tank, a' hoisting cylinder and a crowding cylinder, branch connections from said circulating pipe sysv tem to the hoisting end of the hoisting cylinder and to the returning end of the crowding cylinder, means for controlling said branch connections, and return connections for the fluid from the hoisting and crowding cylinders to the pump, whereby the pistons of the hoisting-and crowding cylinders may be subjected to the combined static pressure of the receiver tank and to the energy due to motion of the circulating fluid, or subjected. to thestatic pressure alone.

4:; In an excavating machine, the combination with an excavating device, ofa

main pump, a receiver tank, a closed circulating pipe system including said main pump and receiver tank, means for controlling the fiow of fluid through said sy s- 'tem to the pump, a source of air pressure,

air connections from said source to the receiver tank, a. hoisting cylinder and a crowding cylinder, branch connections from said circulatii'ig pipe system to the hoisting end of the hoisting cylinder and to the return ing end of the crowding cylinder, means for controlling said branch connections, return connections for the fluid from the hoisting and crowding cylinders to the pump; where'- by the pistons of the-hoisting and crowding cylinders may be subjected to the combined static px-Qsmm' (Sf H16 xrovvivm" tunk and to the onvl'gv luv to Hw nmtinn of the vi!- culimng fluid, msuh wlcd to the stntlc crumling endqf the (-rmnling cylindmgand -1n0zu 1s furjccgntmjling 521111 air, connect-ionsI In fastimony whreof I have signed this specification in the presence'oftwo subscrib- UXLTER G. CLARK. W'itnesse 'M. M. BILEMANN,

HERBERT Gr. 09mm.

iug Witnesses. 

